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Acta Parasitologica, Vol.43, No. 4, 1998, 181-188
Kanev Ivan (1)*, Sorensen Robert (2), Sterner Mauritz (3), Cole Rebecca (4), Fried Bernard (5) - The identification and characteristics of Echinoparyphium rubrum (Cort, 1914) comb. new (Trematoda, Echinostomatidae) based on experimental evidence of the life cycle.
(1) Institute of Experimental Pathology and Parasitology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bl. 25, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (2) Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 1392 Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1392, USA; (3) Harold W. Manter Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, W-529 Nebraska Hall Lincoln, NE 68588-0514, USA; (4) USGS, BRD, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road Madison, WI 53711, USA; (5) Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, USA

Address for correspondence: Mauritz Sterner, Harold W. Manter Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, W-529 Nebraska Hall Lincoln, NE 68588-0514, USA; Fax: (402) 472-8949; E-mail: ssterner@unlinfo.unl.edu

* present address the same.
ABSTRACT

The life cycle of Echinoparyphium rubrum (Cort, 1914) comb. n. has been completed experimentally. All of the developmental stages egg, miracidium, sporocyst, mother and daughter rediae, cercaria, metacercaria, and adult were examined and described. The miracidia infected freshwater snails of the genus Physa , P. gyrina and P. occidentalis. Attempts to infect snails of the genera Lymnaea, L. auricularis, L. peregra, L. truncatula and Bulinus, B. truncatus failed. Cercariae infected various pulmonate and prosobranch freshwater snails, mussels, frogs, water turtles and planarians. The adults developed in the small intestine of birds and mammals. The identity and major characteristics of Echinoparyphium rubrum are discussed. Synonyms of E. rubrum are Cercaria rubra Cort, 1914; Cercaria biflexa Faust, 1917; Cercaria chisolenata Faust, 1918; Echinostoma callawayensis Barker et Noll, 1915; Echinostoma revolutum of Johnson (1920); Echinoparyphium elegans of Cannon (1938), of Bain and Trelfall (1977), of Mahoney and Trelfall (1977); and Echinoparyphium recurvatum of Jilek (1977), Harley (1972), Sankurathri and Holmes (1976). Comparisons are made between E. rubrum and its 43-collar-spined allies: E. flexum from North America, E. cinctum from Europe, E. dunni from Asia and E. elegans from Africa.

KEY WORDS: Echinoparyphium rubrum, Echinostomatidae, life cycle, identity
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